Publications

12 excavation seasons at Tel Azekah have led to numerous research projects, theses, and lectures by many scholars and students. Following is a comprehensive list of all publications related to the site.

Lectures and Podcasts

In Hebrew:

פודקאסט: הסיפור שלא סופר על תולדות ממלכת יהודה, פרופסור עודד ליפשיץ
פרק 12: הסיפור שלא סופר על שבט עמק האלה

?פרק 13: האם ביתו של מיכה המורשתי היה בעזקה

In English:

2022 Azekah conference:

Doctoral Theses

Ido Koch (5/2015) – The Shephelah Region during the Iron Age (supervised by Prof. Oded Lipschits and Prof. Nadav Na’aman).

Sabine Metzer (7/2020) – The potters of the Shephelah: Between tradition and innovation – Pottery Technology and Distribution, as a Reflection of Social and Economic Order during the Bronze and Early Iron Age. (supervised by Prof. Oded Lipschits, Prof. Yuval Gadot and Dr. Anat Cohen-Weinberger).

Débora Sandhaus (Reem) (10/2022) – The Nexus of Cultures: The Central Shephelah during the Persian and Hellenistic Periods (supervised by Prof. Oded Lipschits and Prof. Yuval Gadot).

Alexandra Wrathall (12/2024) – The Judahite Lowland in the 7th Century BCE (supervised by Prof. Oded Lipschits and Prof. Yuval Gadot).

Maddison Quail-Gates – Middle Bronze Pottery in the Shephelah (supervised by Prof. Oded Lipschits, Prof. Yuval Gadot, and Prof. Assaf Yassur-Landau).

Yinon Horesh – The Roman-Byzantine Settlement in the Lowlands, Tel Azekah as a Test Case (supervised by Prof. Oded Lipschits, Prof. Oren Tal and Dr. Guy Stiebel).

MA Theses

Shatil Emmanuilov (5\2012) – Tel Azekah in Light of the Archaeological Survey (supervised by Prof. Oded Lipschits and Prof. Yuval Gadot).

Sharon Napchan (4/2014) – Bliss and Macalister’s Excavations at Tell Zakariya (1898-1899) in Light of Modern Research (supervised by Prof. Oded Lipschits).

Sabine Metzer (3/2015) – “On the Eve of Destruction”: Analyzing the Chronology, Function and Distribution Pattern of a Late Bronze Pottery Assemblage from Tel Azekah (supervised by Prof. Oded Lipschits and Prof. Yuval Gadot).

Vanessa Linares (6/2015) – Assessing Canaanite Livelihood in Tel Azekah: Organic Residue Analysis of Late Bronze Age Material Culture (supervised by Prof. Oded Lipschits, Dr. Dvory Namdar, and Prof. Yuval Gadot).

Sarah Richardson (8/2016) – A Late Bronze Production Kit: The Origin, Use, and Implications of the Assemblage Found in Area T2 of Tel Azekah during the 2014 Season. (supervised by Prof. Oded Lipschits).

Noa Shatil (9/2016) – Persian Period and Early Hellenistic Pottery from Tell Azekah: Typology, Chronology and Identity (supervised by Prof. Oded Lipschits).

Joshua Errington (10/2016) – Processes in Site Formation of Tel Azekah from the Early Bronze until the Hellenistic Period (supervised by Prof. Oded Lipschits).

Christina Jones (3/2017) – Inter-Regional Connections during the Late Bronze Age as Reflected through the Animal Economy: Azekah – a Case Study (supervised by Prof. Oded Lipschits, Prof. Lidar Sapir-Hen, and Dr. Omer Sergi).

Alexandra Wrathall (10/2018) – A Pits Perspective: An Early Iron IIB Ceramic Assemblage from Tel Azekah, Typology, Chronology, and Context (supervised by Prof. Oded Lipschits and Prof. Yuval Gadot).

Maya Hadash (11/2018) – The Cypriot Import Assemblage from Late Bronze Tel Azekah: Chronological, Typological, and Inter-Regional Implications (supervised by Prof. Oded Lipschits, Prof. Yuval Gadot, and Prof. Assaf Yasur-Landau).

Roni Hoofien (11/2018) – The Beads Assemblage from Tel-Azekah as an Instrument for Understanding the Cultural, Economic and Trade Relations (supervised by Prof. Oded Lipschits and Dr. Daniella Bar-Yosef).

Elijah Kollin (10/2020) – Imperial Influence on Local Animal Economies: Iron Age II and Persian Period Faunal Remains from Tel Azekah (supervised by Prof. Oded Lipschits and prof. Lidar Sapir-Hen).

Minji Jin (10/2022) – Reconstruction of Paleoenvironment and Wood Exploitation at Tel Azekah between the Middle Bronze Age and the Hellenistic Period (supervised by Prof. Oded Lipschits and Prof. Dafna Langgut).

Yeonsuk Lee (12/2022) – Insights into the Daily Life of Tel Azekah: A Multi-Disciplinary Investigation of Cooking Ware in the Middle Bronze and the Late Bronze Ages (supervised by Prof. Oded Lipschits and Dr. Paula Waiman Barak).

Hannah M. Ripps (2/2023) – Temples of the Late Bronze Shephelah: The View from Azekah Area E3 (supervised by Prof. Oded Lipschits and Prof. Yuval Gadot).

Petunia Fernandes (10/2023) – Animal Economy at Tel Azekah during the Middle Bronze Age and the Nature of the Settlement (supervised by Prof. Oded Lipschits and Prof. Lidar Sapir-Hen).

Avinoam Lehavi – Fortifications in the Middle Bronze Age: Tel Azekah as a case study (supervised by Prof. Oded Lipschits and Dr. Joe Uziel).

Bin Wang – The Donkey Economy in the Middle Bronze Age Southern Levant: Tel Azekah as a Case Study (supervised by Prof. Oded Lipschits and Prof. Lidar Sapir-Hen).

Claudia E. Epley – Late Bronze Age III Hoard from Tel Azekah (supervised by Prof. Oded Lipschits and Dr. Sabine Kleiman).

Daniel Nam – Tel Azekah and its Surroundings during the Early Bronze Age – Ceramic Analysis (supervised by Prof. Oded Lipschits and Dr. Yitzhak Paz).

Daria Leibin-Graiver – Mollusc shells as material culture in the Iron Age II of the Southern Levant (supervised by Prof. Oded Lipschits, Dr. Daniella Bar-Yosef Mayer and Prof. Ido Koch).

Emily Anderson – The Late Bronze Age Stone Assemblage from Area T2 in Tel Azekah: Production, Function and Trade (supervised by Prof. Oded Lipschits and Dr. Sabine Kleiman).

Jacob Dicken – Reconstructing the Migration History of Humans Excavated in the Late Bronze Age Destruction Layer at Tel Azekah Using Strontium Isotopes (supervised by Prof. Oded Lipschits and Prof. Hila May and Prof. Yigal Erel).

Nathaniel Freeman – Trading systems in the Late Bronze Age Azekah: Petrographic studies of Cypriot and Mycenaean ceramics (supervised by Prof. Oded Lipschits and Dr. Paula Waiman Barak).

Noga Rapaport – The Iron Age II “Gate Complex” at Tell-Azekah (supervised by Prof. Oded Lipschits and Prof. Zeev Herzog).

Research publications

In Hebrew:

ליפשיץ, ע., גדות, י., ואומינג, מ. 2018. חמש עונות חפירה בתל עזקה: ממצאים, ציפיות והפתעות. קדמוניות 156: 84—99

רוט, ה., ליפשיץ, ע., וגדות, י. תשע”ט. “ככה כן בונים חומה”: ביצורי הברונזה התיכונה בעזקה ומשמעותם. בתוך: גדות, י., ואחרים (עורכים). חידושים בארכאולוגיה של ירושלים וסביבותיה: קובץ מחקרים (כרך י”ג). ירושלים: 27—46

רוט, ה., קליימן, ס., וליפשיץ, ע. בדפוס. האלף השני לפני הספירה בתל עזקה: סיכום תוצאות עשר עונות חפירה. בתוך: זלינגר, י., וטרופר, ב. (עורכים). מחקרי ארץ יהודה ה’, ירושלים

In English:

Berendt, K., Garvie-Lok, S., Mayne Correia, P., Lipschits, O., and Gadot, Y. 2021. Life and death of four individuals in the destruction of the Late Bronze Age City of Azekah, Israel. International Journal of Osteoarchaeology 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1002/oa.2974

Gadot, Y., Kleiman, S. and Lipschits, O. 2018. A Tale of Two Cities: Tel Azekah and Tel es-Safi/Gat during the Late Bronze Age. In: Shai, I., Chadwick, J.R., Hitchcock, L., Dagan, A., McKinny, C., and Uziel, J. (eds.) Tell it in Gath. Studies in the History and Archaeology of Israel Essays in Honor of Aren M. Maeir on the Occasion of his Sixtieth Birthday (Ägypten und Altes Testament 90). Münster: Zaphon. Wiesbaden: 206-221.

Kleiman, S., Gadot, Y., and Lipschits, O. 2016. A Snapshot of the Destruction Layer of Tel Azekah Seen against the Backdrop of the Final Days of the Late Bronze Age. ZDPV 132/2: 105-133.

Kleiman, S., Koch, I., Webster, L., Linares, V., Berendt, K., Sergi, O., Oeming, M., Gadot, Y., and Lipschits, O. 2019. Late Bronze Age Azekah – an Almost Forgotten Story. in: Maeir, A. M., Shai, I., and McKinny, C. (eds.). “And the Canaanite Was Then in the Land” (Gen. 12: 6): Southern Canaan During the Late Bronze and Early Iron Ages (Proceedings of the Ackerman Family Workshop in Biblical Archaeology, Bar-Ilan University, April 15–16, 2015). Berlin: 37-61.

Kleiman, S., Oeming, M., and Lipschits, O. 2025. Azekah’s Stunning New Do. BAR 50(2): 23.

Koch, I, Kleiman, S., Gadot, Y., Oeming, M. and Lipschits, O. 2017. Amulets in Context: A View from Late Bronze Age Tel Azekah. Journal of Ancient Egyptian Interconnections 16: 924.

Lipschits, O. 2023. Tel Azekah between the Late 8th and Early 6th centuries BCE in Light of Stamped and Incised Jar Handles. in: Soennecken, K., Leiverkus, P., Zimni, J., and Schmidt, K. (eds.). Durch die Zeiten – Through the Ages. Festschrift für Dieter Vieweger – Essays in Honour of Dieter Vieweger. Gütersloh: 479-503.

Lipschits, O., Freud, L., Shalom, N. and Wrathall, A. 2021. Tel Azekah – 2019. Excavations and Surveys in Israel. (Hebrew and English). http://www.hadashot-esi.org.il/Report_Detail_Eng.aspx?id=25956&mag_id=133&previewit=TrUe

Lipschits, O., Gadot, Y., and Oeming, M. 2012. Tel Azekah 113 Years After – Preliminary Evaluation of the Renewed Excavations at the Site. Near Eastern Archaeology 75(4): 196-206.

Lipschits, O., Gadot, Y., and Oeming, M. 2017. Tel Azekah after Four Seasons of Excavations: Expected and (especially) Unexpected Results. in: Lipschits, O. and Maeir, A. M. (eds.). The Shephelah during the Iron Age – Recent Archaeological Studies (…as plentiful as sycamore-fig trees in the Shephelah” (I Kings 10: 27, 2 Chronicles 1: 15). Winona Lake: 1-25.

Lipschits, O., and Kleiman, S. forthcoming. Since When and for How Long Has Azekah been Part of the Kingdom of Judah? In: Schmid, K. (ed.). The XXIVth Congress of the IOSOT (Supplements to Vetus Testamentum series). Leiden.

Lipschits, O., Kleiman, S., Koch, I., Berendt, K., Linares, V., Richardson, S., Oeming, M., and Gadot, Y. 2019. Late Bronze Age Azekah and its Terminal Breath. BAR 45(1): 32-38, 70.

Lipschits, O., Oeming, M., and Gadot, Y. 2015. Interdisciplinary Research of Assyrian Siege Ramps – The Case of Azekah. Hebrew Bible and Ancient Israel 4.1: 135-143.

Lipschits, O., Oeming, M., and Gadot, Y. Tel Azekah – Summary of Season Seven, 2019. Excavations and Surveys in Israel. (Hebrew and English).

Lipschits, O., Ripps, H.M., and Kleiman, S. forthcoming. The House of the Rising Sun: The Late Bronze Age Temple of Tel Azekah. BAR.

Lipschits, O. and Wöhrle, J. 2023. Azekah – The Hometown of Micah the Moreshtite. ZAW 135(2): 230-250.

Napchan-Lavon, S., Gadot, Y. and Lipschits, O. 2015. Bliss and Macalister’s Excavations at Tell Zakariya (Tel Azekah) in Light of Published and Previously Unpublished Material. in: Wolff, S. (ed.). Villain or Visionary?: R.A.S. Macalister and the Archaeology of Palestine (Palestine Exploration Fund Annuals, Vol. 12), London: 74-95.

Oeming, M., Ras, K., Koch, I., Gadot, Y., Weinberg-Cohen, A., and Lipschits, O. 2016. Late Bronze Age Figurines from Tel Azekah. Ugarit Forschungen 47: 205-219.

Sapir-Hen, L., Gadot, Y., and Lipschits, O. 2017. Ceremonial Donkey Burial, Social Status and Settlement Hierarchy in the Early Bronze III: The Case of Azekah. in: Lev-Tov, J., Hesse, P., and Gilbert, A. (eds.). The Wide Lens in Archaeology. Honouring Brian Hesse’s Contributions to Anthropological Archaeology. Atlanta: 259-270.

Sweeney, D., Herrmann, C., Gadot, Y., Oeming, M., and Lipschits, O. 2018. A triad amulet from Tel Azekah. IEJ 68: 129-149.

Webster, L. C., Sergi, O., Kleiman, S., Lipschits, O., Hua, Q., Jacobsen, G. E., Tristant, Y. and Gadot, Y., 2017. Preliminary Radiocarbon Results for Late Bronze Age Strata at Tel Azekah and their Implications. Radiocarbon, 2017: 1-23.

Yasur-Landau, A., Gross, B., Gadot, Y., Oeming, M., and Lipschits, O. 2014. A rare Cypriot Krater of the White Slip II style from Azekah. IEJ 64/1: 1-8.

In German:

Lipschits, O. 2018. Abraham zwischen Mamre und Jerusalem. in: Brett, M., and Wöhrle, J. (eds.). The Politics of the Ancestors. Exegetical and Historical Perspectives on Genesis 12-36 (FAT). Tübingen: 187209.

Oeming, M. Lipschits, O., and Gadot, Y. 2014. Wir können die Lichter von Aseka wieder sehen. Welt und Umwelt der Bibel 2/2014: 58.

In Czech:

Lipschits, O., Čapek, F., and Moulis, D. R. 2017. Tel Azeka po prvních pěti letech výzkumu. Nový Orient 72: 16-20.